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Introduction of Aerospace Technology
Chinese Name:空天技术
English Name: Aerospace Technology
Publication cycle: Bimonthly
Language: Chinese
Director: China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited (CASIC)
Sponsor: Beijing HIWING Scientific and Technology Information Institute
Editor in chief: LIU Haifeng
Research status and development of air launched hypersonic vehicles
Li Zihao;Tao Yixuan;Huang Wei;Compared with ground-based, sea-based, and other platform-based launch methods, airlaunched hypersonic vehicles(ALHVs) exhibit advantages such as high flexibility, rapid response, and strong maneuverability, and have gradually become an important research field of concern to major aerospace powers worldwide. The research status of ALHVs and related technologies is summarized, and the research progress of two types of ALHVs—boost-cruise and boost-glide configurations—is outlined and evaluated. Key technologies, including aircraft-missile separation, trajectory optimization, intelligent guidance and control, intelligent trajectory optimization, and multi-aircraft cooperative planning are analyzed. The boost-cruise configuration is featured by lower technical difficulty, lower failure rate, and better compatibility with various carrier aircraft, but with weaker maneuverability and shorter range. In contrast, the boost-glide configuration is characterized by higher technical difficulty, higher failure rate, and limited compatibility with carrier aircraft, but offers strong maneuverability and long range. Greater emphasis will be placed on the design of intelligence, miniaturization, diversification, and multi-purpose in future research.
Research progress of stability, control characteristics and control technology of wide-speed-range aircraft
Cai Guodong;He Yuelong;Zhang Yudong;Bai Peng;Wide-speed-range aircraft, covering the entire flight envelope from subsonic to hypersonic speeds, hold significant strategic value in scenarios such as close-in reconnaissance and air-space transportation. However, the complex flight environment and limited understanding of aerodynamic characteristics pose huge challenges to the design of such aircraft. Combined with the requirements of engineering implementation, this paper reviews the research progress in the design of stability and control characteristics and control systems for wide-speed-range aircraft. The development context of wide-speedrange aircraft worldwide since the 20 th century is combed, and the evolutionary trends of stability and control characteristics and control systems are reviewed. The research progress in stability and control characteristics is summarized from three aspects: Aerodynamic/control co-design, fixed aerodynamic configuration optimization, and variable aerodynamic configuration optimization. The adaptability of existing control systems to wide speed ranges is analyzed from two aspects: The combined application of modern control methods and intelligent control. Facing the future engineering implementation of wide-speed-range aircraft, potential research directions are prospected, including the exploration of novel control surface effectiveness, adaptive variable configuration, and artificial intelligence-based model correction control.
A review of research on autonomous flight and coordination control of unmanned aerial vehicles
Yuan Mingyu;Pan Chao;Tan Xiaowen;Guo Yu;Jia Yongnan;University of Science and Technology Beijing;The widespread application of drones in complex task scenarios, such as urban inspection, emergency rescue, logistics distribution, and agricultural pest control, imposes higher demands on their autonomous flight and collaborative control technologies, while also introducing various challenges related to perception, decision-making, and onboard computing power. This paper systematically reviews and compares key technological advancements in both fields. In the field of autonomous flight, it covers the traditional perception-planning-control framework, end-to-end methods based on reinforcement learning and imitation learning, as well as differentiable simulation methods that integrate physical models with gradient optimization. In the field of collaborative control, typical multi-drone collaborative control methods, including model-based multi-agent distributed collaborative control theory and data-driven multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms, are examined. Their fundamental principles, applicable scenarios, and performance characteristics are analyzed. Finally, an innovative multi-drone collaborative control framework is proposed, which combines end-to-end decision-making with physics priors and differentiable simulation techniques. Key challenges related to simulation-to-reality transfer, explainability of collaborative decision-making, and scalability for large-scale swarms are identified, and future development directions are outlined.
Current status and prospects of long endurance recon/strike unmanned aerial vehicles and their application abroad
Yun Yan;Li Maoqiang;Ou Zhongming;In order to study the development trend and application direction of long endurance recon/strike UAVs, the history and current status of foreign long endurance recon/strike UAVs and their applications are analyzed and summarized. Long endurance recon/strike UAVs can give full play to their advantages in intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance(ISR), communication relay and strike fields based on their long endurance air superiority. The development of long endurance recon/strike UAVs in the United States, Israel, Turkey and Russia is introduced. The application of long endurance recon/strike UAVs of these countries in local conflict and test exercises is analyzed. According to the high-intensity confrontation environment and agile and efficient requirements on the battlefield faced by long endurance recon/strike UAVs and technology development trends, the important technologies that can improve application capabilities of long endurance recon/strike UAVs in the development process are summarized, including navigation and positioning, laser communication, air-launched effects(ALE), manned/unmanned collaboration, command and control system, open architecture. Combined with the development and application of long endurance recon/strike UAVs and the progress of related UAV technologies, the development trend and direction are summarized. This includes developing towards practical combat, intelligence, open architecture, commonality and standardization in terms of improving survivability, mission execution capability, flight and mission capability under limited conditions, command and control capability.
Numerical simulation on the effects of wavy wall on shock train oscillation
Gao Wenzhi;Fan Shiji;Wang Shen;Pei Chongzhi;Liu Chengxian;A CFD simulation is conducted to study the effects of wavy walls(with amplitude 0.1～0.75 mm) on both constant-backpressure shock trains and shock train oscillations(with throttling frequencies of 100～1000 Hz) in a two-dimensional isolator with Mach 3 inflow. For the constant-backpressure conditions, it is observed that the leading shock is displaced downstream by 10.6 mm with the 0.5 mm wavy wall, but upstream by 7.9 mm with the 0.1 mm wall. These variations are mainly caused by the variations of boundary pressure gradient near the leading-edge shock region. For shock train oscillatory flow, both the range of leading shock motion and the effects of wavy walls on the oscillatory flow are related with throttling frequencies. Overall, shock train oscillations are suppressed by the 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm wavy walls, with negligible effects exerted on the flow total pressure. However, the oscillation range is enlarged and the flow total pressure is decreased by the 0.5 mm and 0.75 mm wavy walls. Specifically, for the 0.25 mm wavy wall at the 200 Hz condition, it is found that the oscillatory amplitude is reduced by 6.3 mm, which corresponds to a reduction rate of 10.8%. Additionally, the standard deviation of wall pressure within the oscillation region is reduced by the 0.25 mm wavy wall for both 100 Hz and 200 Hz conditions. The peak value of the standard deviation is decreased from 1.05 p_∞ to 0.84 p_∞ for 100 Hz condition. Analysis indicates that the downstream total pressure, the phase difference between backpressure and shock motion, and the backpressure level are modified by the interaction wave system and vortical effects of wavy walls. Wavy walls with appropriate amplitude are demonstrated to reduce the strength of the leading shock and the backpressure level, thereby suppressing both shock train oscillations and upstream movement.
Links
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